Integrand size = 31, antiderivative size = 131 \[ \int \frac {\cot (c+d x) (A+B \tan (c+d x))}{\sqrt {a+b \tan (c+d x)}} \, dx=-\frac {2 A \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a+b \tan (c+d x)}}{\sqrt {a}}\right )}{\sqrt {a} d}+\frac {(A-i B) \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a+b \tan (c+d x)}}{\sqrt {a-i b}}\right )}{\sqrt {a-i b} d}+\frac {(A+i B) \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a+b \tan (c+d x)}}{\sqrt {a+i b}}\right )}{\sqrt {a+i b} d} \]
-2*A*arctanh((a+b*tan(d*x+c))^(1/2)/a^(1/2))/d/a^(1/2)+(A-I*B)*arctanh((a+ b*tan(d*x+c))^(1/2)/(a-I*b)^(1/2))/d/(a-I*b)^(1/2)+(A+I*B)*arctanh((a+b*ta n(d*x+c))^(1/2)/(a+I*b)^(1/2))/d/(a+I*b)^(1/2)
Time = 0.81 (sec) , antiderivative size = 170, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.30 \[ \int \frac {\cot (c+d x) (A+B \tan (c+d x))}{\sqrt {a+b \tan (c+d x)}} \, dx=-\frac {\frac {2 A \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a+b \tan (c+d x)}}{\sqrt {a}}\right )}{\sqrt {a}}+\frac {\frac {\left (-A b+\sqrt {-b^2} B\right ) \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a+b \tan (c+d x)}}{\sqrt {a-\sqrt {-b^2}}}\right )}{\sqrt {a-\sqrt {-b^2}}}-\frac {\left (A b+\sqrt {-b^2} B\right ) \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a+b \tan (c+d x)}}{\sqrt {a+\sqrt {-b^2}}}\right )}{\sqrt {a+\sqrt {-b^2}}}}{b}}{d} \]
-(((2*A*ArcTanh[Sqrt[a + b*Tan[c + d*x]]/Sqrt[a]])/Sqrt[a] + (((-(A*b) + S qrt[-b^2]*B)*ArcTanh[Sqrt[a + b*Tan[c + d*x]]/Sqrt[a - Sqrt[-b^2]]])/Sqrt[ a - Sqrt[-b^2]] - ((A*b + Sqrt[-b^2]*B)*ArcTanh[Sqrt[a + b*Tan[c + d*x]]/S qrt[a + Sqrt[-b^2]]])/Sqrt[a + Sqrt[-b^2]])/b)/d)
Time = 0.94 (sec) , antiderivative size = 118, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.90, number of steps used = 13, number of rules used = 12, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.387, Rules used = {3042, 4096, 3042, 4022, 3042, 4020, 25, 73, 221, 4117, 73, 221}
Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.
\(\displaystyle \int \frac {\cot (c+d x) (A+B \tan (c+d x))}{\sqrt {a+b \tan (c+d x)}} \, dx\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 3042 |
\(\displaystyle \int \frac {A+B \tan (c+d x)}{\tan (c+d x) \sqrt {a+b \tan (c+d x)}}dx\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 4096 |
\(\displaystyle \int \frac {B-A \tan (c+d x)}{\sqrt {a+b \tan (c+d x)}}dx+A \int \frac {\cot (c+d x) \left (\tan ^2(c+d x)+1\right )}{\sqrt {a+b \tan (c+d x)}}dx\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 3042 |
\(\displaystyle \int \frac {B-A \tan (c+d x)}{\sqrt {a+b \tan (c+d x)}}dx+A \int \frac {\tan (c+d x)^2+1}{\tan (c+d x) \sqrt {a+b \tan (c+d x)}}dx\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 4022 |
\(\displaystyle -\frac {1}{2} (-B+i A) \int \frac {1-i \tan (c+d x)}{\sqrt {a+b \tan (c+d x)}}dx+\frac {1}{2} (B+i A) \int \frac {i \tan (c+d x)+1}{\sqrt {a+b \tan (c+d x)}}dx+A \int \frac {\tan (c+d x)^2+1}{\tan (c+d x) \sqrt {a+b \tan (c+d x)}}dx\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 3042 |
\(\displaystyle -\frac {1}{2} (-B+i A) \int \frac {1-i \tan (c+d x)}{\sqrt {a+b \tan (c+d x)}}dx+\frac {1}{2} (B+i A) \int \frac {i \tan (c+d x)+1}{\sqrt {a+b \tan (c+d x)}}dx+A \int \frac {\tan (c+d x)^2+1}{\tan (c+d x) \sqrt {a+b \tan (c+d x)}}dx\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 4020 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {i (B+i A) \int -\frac {1}{(1-i \tan (c+d x)) \sqrt {a+b \tan (c+d x)}}d(i \tan (c+d x))}{2 d}+\frac {i (-B+i A) \int -\frac {1}{(i \tan (c+d x)+1) \sqrt {a+b \tan (c+d x)}}d(-i \tan (c+d x))}{2 d}+A \int \frac {\tan (c+d x)^2+1}{\tan (c+d x) \sqrt {a+b \tan (c+d x)}}dx\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 25 |
\(\displaystyle -\frac {i (B+i A) \int \frac {1}{(1-i \tan (c+d x)) \sqrt {a+b \tan (c+d x)}}d(i \tan (c+d x))}{2 d}-\frac {i (-B+i A) \int \frac {1}{(i \tan (c+d x)+1) \sqrt {a+b \tan (c+d x)}}d(-i \tan (c+d x))}{2 d}+A \int \frac {\tan (c+d x)^2+1}{\tan (c+d x) \sqrt {a+b \tan (c+d x)}}dx\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 73 |
\(\displaystyle -\frac {(-B+i A) \int \frac {1}{-\frac {i \tan ^2(c+d x)}{b}-\frac {i a}{b}+1}d\sqrt {a+b \tan (c+d x)}}{b d}+\frac {(B+i A) \int \frac {1}{\frac {i \tan ^2(c+d x)}{b}+\frac {i a}{b}+1}d\sqrt {a+b \tan (c+d x)}}{b d}+A \int \frac {\tan (c+d x)^2+1}{\tan (c+d x) \sqrt {a+b \tan (c+d x)}}dx\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 221 |
\(\displaystyle A \int \frac {\tan (c+d x)^2+1}{\tan (c+d x) \sqrt {a+b \tan (c+d x)}}dx+\frac {(B+i A) \arctan \left (\frac {\tan (c+d x)}{\sqrt {a-i b}}\right )}{d \sqrt {a-i b}}-\frac {(-B+i A) \arctan \left (\frac {\tan (c+d x)}{\sqrt {a+i b}}\right )}{d \sqrt {a+i b}}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 4117 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {A \int \frac {\cot (c+d x)}{\sqrt {a+b \tan (c+d x)}}d\tan (c+d x)}{d}+\frac {(B+i A) \arctan \left (\frac {\tan (c+d x)}{\sqrt {a-i b}}\right )}{d \sqrt {a-i b}}-\frac {(-B+i A) \arctan \left (\frac {\tan (c+d x)}{\sqrt {a+i b}}\right )}{d \sqrt {a+i b}}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 73 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {2 A \int \frac {1}{\frac {a+b \tan (c+d x)}{b}-\frac {a}{b}}d\sqrt {a+b \tan (c+d x)}}{b d}+\frac {(B+i A) \arctan \left (\frac {\tan (c+d x)}{\sqrt {a-i b}}\right )}{d \sqrt {a-i b}}-\frac {(-B+i A) \arctan \left (\frac {\tan (c+d x)}{\sqrt {a+i b}}\right )}{d \sqrt {a+i b}}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 221 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {(B+i A) \arctan \left (\frac {\tan (c+d x)}{\sqrt {a-i b}}\right )}{d \sqrt {a-i b}}-\frac {(-B+i A) \arctan \left (\frac {\tan (c+d x)}{\sqrt {a+i b}}\right )}{d \sqrt {a+i b}}-\frac {2 A \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a+b \tan (c+d x)}}{\sqrt {a}}\right )}{\sqrt {a} d}\) |
((I*A + B)*ArcTan[Tan[c + d*x]/Sqrt[a - I*b]])/(Sqrt[a - I*b]*d) - ((I*A - B)*ArcTan[Tan[c + d*x]/Sqrt[a + I*b]])/(Sqrt[a + I*b]*d) - (2*A*ArcTanh[S qrt[a + b*Tan[c + d*x]]/Sqrt[a]])/(Sqrt[a]*d)
3.4.47.3.1 Defintions of rubi rules used
Int[((a_.) + (b_.)*(x_))^(m_)*((c_.) + (d_.)*(x_))^(n_), x_Symbol] :> With[ {p = Denominator[m]}, Simp[p/b Subst[Int[x^(p*(m + 1) - 1)*(c - a*(d/b) + d*(x^p/b))^n, x], x, (a + b*x)^(1/p)], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d}, x] && Lt Q[-1, m, 0] && LeQ[-1, n, 0] && LeQ[Denominator[n], Denominator[m]] && IntL inearQ[a, b, c, d, m, n, x]
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(Rt[-a/b, 2]/a)*ArcTanh[x /Rt[-a/b, 2]], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && NegQ[a/b]
Int[((a_.) + (b_.)*tan[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)])^(m_)*((c_) + (d_.)*tan[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)]), x_Symbol] :> Simp[c*(d/f) Subst[Int[(a + (b/d)*x)^m/(d^2 + c*x), x], x, d*Tan[e + f*x]], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e, f, m}, x] && NeQ[ b*c - a*d, 0] && NeQ[a^2 + b^2, 0] && EqQ[c^2 + d^2, 0]
Int[((a_.) + (b_.)*tan[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)])^(m_)*((c_.) + (d_.)*tan[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)]), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(c + I*d)/2 Int[(a + b*Tan[e + f*x])^m*( 1 - I*Tan[e + f*x]), x], x] + Simp[(c - I*d)/2 Int[(a + b*Tan[e + f*x])^m *(1 + I*Tan[e + f*x]), x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e, f, m}, x] && NeQ[b*c - a*d, 0] && NeQ[a^2 + b^2, 0] && NeQ[c^2 + d^2, 0] && !IntegerQ[m]
Int[(((A_.) + (B_.)*tan[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)])*((c_.) + (d_.)*tan[(e_.) + (f_ .)*(x_)])^(n_))/((a_.) + (b_.)*tan[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)]), x_Symbol] :> Simp[ 1/(a^2 + b^2) Int[(c + d*Tan[e + f*x])^n*Simp[a*A + b*B - (A*b - a*B)*Tan [e + f*x], x], x], x] + Simp[b*((A*b - a*B)/(a^2 + b^2)) Int[(c + d*Tan[e + f*x])^n*((1 + Tan[e + f*x]^2)/(a + b*Tan[e + f*x])), x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e, f, A, B, n}, x] && NeQ[b*c - a*d, 0] && NeQ[a^2 + b^2, 0] && N eQ[c^2 + d^2, 0]
Int[((a_.) + (b_.)*tan[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)])^(m_.)*((c_.) + (d_.)*tan[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)])^(n_.)*((A_) + (C_.)*tan[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)]^2), x_Symbol] :> Simp[A/f Subst[Int[(a + b*x)^m*(c + d*x)^n, x], x, Tan[e + f*x]], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e, f, A, C, m, n}, x] && EqQ[A, C]
Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. \(4001\) vs. \(2(107)=214\).
Time = 0.28 (sec) , antiderivative size = 4002, normalized size of antiderivative = 30.55
method | result | size |
derivativedivides | \(\text {Expression too large to display}\) | \(4002\) |
default | \(\text {Expression too large to display}\) | \(4002\) |
1/d/(a^2+b^2)^(3/2)/(2*(a^2+b^2)^(1/2)-2*a)^(1/2)*arctan((2*(a+b*tan(d*x+c ))^(1/2)+(2*(a^2+b^2)^(1/2)+2*a)^(1/2))/(2*(a^2+b^2)^(1/2)-2*a)^(1/2))*A*a ^3+1/4/d/(a^2+b^2)^(3/2)*ln(b*tan(d*x+c)+a+(a+b*tan(d*x+c))^(1/2)*(2*(a^2+ b^2)^(1/2)+2*a)^(1/2)+(a^2+b^2)^(1/2))*A*(2*(a^2+b^2)^(1/2)+2*a)^(1/2)*a^2 -1/4/d/(a^2+b^2)*ln((a+b*tan(d*x+c))^(1/2)*(2*(a^2+b^2)^(1/2)+2*a)^(1/2)-b *tan(d*x+c)-a-(a^2+b^2)^(1/2))*A*(2*(a^2+b^2)^(1/2)+2*a)^(1/2)*a+2/d/(a^2+ b^2)/(2*(a^2+b^2)^(1/2)-2*a)^(1/2)*arctan(((2*(a^2+b^2)^(1/2)+2*a)^(1/2)-2 *(a+b*tan(d*x+c))^(1/2))/(2*(a^2+b^2)^(1/2)-2*a)^(1/2))*A*a^2-1/d/(a^2+b^2 )^(1/2)/(2*(a^2+b^2)^(1/2)-2*a)^(1/2)*arctan((2*(a+b*tan(d*x+c))^(1/2)+(2* (a^2+b^2)^(1/2)+2*a)^(1/2))/(2*(a^2+b^2)^(1/2)-2*a)^(1/2))*A*a-1/d/(a^2+b^ 2)^(3/2)/(2*(a^2+b^2)^(1/2)-2*a)^(1/2)*arctan(((2*(a^2+b^2)^(1/2)+2*a)^(1/ 2)-2*(a+b*tan(d*x+c))^(1/2))/(2*(a^2+b^2)^(1/2)-2*a)^(1/2))*A*a^3-1/4/d/(a ^2+b^2)^(3/2)*ln((a+b*tan(d*x+c))^(1/2)*(2*(a^2+b^2)^(1/2)+2*a)^(1/2)-b*ta n(d*x+c)-a-(a^2+b^2)^(1/2))*A*(2*(a^2+b^2)^(1/2)+2*a)^(1/2)*a^2+1/d/(a^2+b ^2)^(1/2)/(2*(a^2+b^2)^(1/2)-2*a)^(1/2)*arctan(((2*(a^2+b^2)^(1/2)+2*a)^(1 /2)-2*(a+b*tan(d*x+c))^(1/2))/(2*(a^2+b^2)^(1/2)-2*a)^(1/2))*A*a+1/4/d/(a^ 2+b^2)*ln(b*tan(d*x+c)+a+(a+b*tan(d*x+c))^(1/2)*(2*(a^2+b^2)^(1/2)+2*a)^(1 /2)+(a^2+b^2)^(1/2))*A*(2*(a^2+b^2)^(1/2)+2*a)^(1/2)*a-2/d/(a^2+b^2)/(2*(a ^2+b^2)^(1/2)-2*a)^(1/2)*arctan((2*(a+b*tan(d*x+c))^(1/2)+(2*(a^2+b^2)^(1/ 2)+2*a)^(1/2))/(2*(a^2+b^2)^(1/2)-2*a)^(1/2))*A*a^2+2/d*b^3/(a^2+b^2)^(...
Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 1721 vs. \(2 (101) = 202\).
Time = 0.82 (sec) , antiderivative size = 3458, normalized size of antiderivative = 26.40 \[ \int \frac {\cot (c+d x) (A+B \tan (c+d x))}{\sqrt {a+b \tan (c+d x)}} \, dx=\text {Too large to display} \]
[-1/2*(a*d*sqrt(((a^2 + b^2)*d^2*sqrt(-(4*A^2*B^2*a^2 - 4*(A^3*B - A*B^3)* a*b + (A^4 - 2*A^2*B^2 + B^4)*b^2)/((a^4 + 2*a^2*b^2 + b^4)*d^4)) + 2*A*B* b + (A^2 - B^2)*a)/((a^2 + b^2)*d^2))*log((2*(A^3*B + A*B^3)*a - (A^4 - B^ 4)*b)*sqrt(b*tan(d*x + c) + a) + ((B*a^3 - A*a^2*b + B*a*b^2 - A*b^3)*d^3* sqrt(-(4*A^2*B^2*a^2 - 4*(A^3*B - A*B^3)*a*b + (A^4 - 2*A^2*B^2 + B^4)*b^2 )/((a^4 + 2*a^2*b^2 + b^4)*d^4)) - (2*A^2*B*a^2 - (A^3 - 3*A*B^2)*a*b - (A ^2*B - B^3)*b^2)*d)*sqrt(((a^2 + b^2)*d^2*sqrt(-(4*A^2*B^2*a^2 - 4*(A^3*B - A*B^3)*a*b + (A^4 - 2*A^2*B^2 + B^4)*b^2)/((a^4 + 2*a^2*b^2 + b^4)*d^4)) + 2*A*B*b + (A^2 - B^2)*a)/((a^2 + b^2)*d^2))) - a*d*sqrt(((a^2 + b^2)*d^ 2*sqrt(-(4*A^2*B^2*a^2 - 4*(A^3*B - A*B^3)*a*b + (A^4 - 2*A^2*B^2 + B^4)*b ^2)/((a^4 + 2*a^2*b^2 + b^4)*d^4)) + 2*A*B*b + (A^2 - B^2)*a)/((a^2 + b^2) *d^2))*log((2*(A^3*B + A*B^3)*a - (A^4 - B^4)*b)*sqrt(b*tan(d*x + c) + a) - ((B*a^3 - A*a^2*b + B*a*b^2 - A*b^3)*d^3*sqrt(-(4*A^2*B^2*a^2 - 4*(A^3*B - A*B^3)*a*b + (A^4 - 2*A^2*B^2 + B^4)*b^2)/((a^4 + 2*a^2*b^2 + b^4)*d^4) ) - (2*A^2*B*a^2 - (A^3 - 3*A*B^2)*a*b - (A^2*B - B^3)*b^2)*d)*sqrt(((a^2 + b^2)*d^2*sqrt(-(4*A^2*B^2*a^2 - 4*(A^3*B - A*B^3)*a*b + (A^4 - 2*A^2*B^2 + B^4)*b^2)/((a^4 + 2*a^2*b^2 + b^4)*d^4)) + 2*A*B*b + (A^2 - B^2)*a)/((a ^2 + b^2)*d^2))) - a*d*sqrt(-((a^2 + b^2)*d^2*sqrt(-(4*A^2*B^2*a^2 - 4*(A^ 3*B - A*B^3)*a*b + (A^4 - 2*A^2*B^2 + B^4)*b^2)/((a^4 + 2*a^2*b^2 + b^4)*d ^4)) - 2*A*B*b - (A^2 - B^2)*a)/((a^2 + b^2)*d^2))*log((2*(A^3*B + A*B^...
\[ \int \frac {\cot (c+d x) (A+B \tan (c+d x))}{\sqrt {a+b \tan (c+d x)}} \, dx=\int \frac {\left (A + B \tan {\left (c + d x \right )}\right ) \cot {\left (c + d x \right )}}{\sqrt {a + b \tan {\left (c + d x \right )}}}\, dx \]
\[ \int \frac {\cot (c+d x) (A+B \tan (c+d x))}{\sqrt {a+b \tan (c+d x)}} \, dx=\int { \frac {{\left (B \tan \left (d x + c\right ) + A\right )} \cot \left (d x + c\right )}{\sqrt {b \tan \left (d x + c\right ) + a}} \,d x } \]
Timed out. \[ \int \frac {\cot (c+d x) (A+B \tan (c+d x))}{\sqrt {a+b \tan (c+d x)}} \, dx=\text {Timed out} \]
Time = 12.12 (sec) , antiderivative size = 7099, normalized size of antiderivative = 54.19 \[ \int \frac {\cot (c+d x) (A+B \tan (c+d x))}{\sqrt {a+b \tan (c+d x)}} \, dx=\text {Too large to display} \]
- atan(((((32*(12*A^2*B*b^9*d^2 + 3*A^3*a*b^8*d^2 - 9*A*B^2*a*b^8*d^2))/d^ 5 - (((32*(16*A*b^10*d^4 - 4*B*a*b^9*d^4 + 12*A*a^2*b^8*d^4))/d^5 - (32*(1 6*b^10*d^4 + 24*a^2*b^8*d^4)*(a + b*tan(c + d*x))^(1/2)*(-(((8*A^2*a*d^2 - 8*B^2*a*d^2 + 16*A*B*b*d^2)^2/4 - (16*a^2*d^4 + 16*b^2*d^4)*(A^4 + 2*A^2* B^2 + B^4))^(1/2) - 4*A^2*a*d^2 + 4*B^2*a*d^2 - 8*A*B*b*d^2)/(16*(a^2*d^4 + b^2*d^4)))^(1/2))/d^4)*(-(((8*A^2*a*d^2 - 8*B^2*a*d^2 + 16*A*B*b*d^2)^2/ 4 - (16*a^2*d^4 + 16*b^2*d^4)*(A^4 + 2*A^2*B^2 + B^4))^(1/2) - 4*A^2*a*d^2 + 4*B^2*a*d^2 - 8*A*B*b*d^2)/(16*(a^2*d^4 + b^2*d^4)))^(1/2) + (32*(a + b *tan(c + d*x))^(1/2)*(16*A*B*b^9*d^2 + 18*A^2*a*b^8*d^2 - 10*B^2*a*b^8*d^2 ))/d^4)*(-(((8*A^2*a*d^2 - 8*B^2*a*d^2 + 16*A*B*b*d^2)^2/4 - (16*a^2*d^4 + 16*b^2*d^4)*(A^4 + 2*A^2*B^2 + B^4))^(1/2) - 4*A^2*a*d^2 + 4*B^2*a*d^2 - 8*A*B*b*d^2)/(16*(a^2*d^4 + b^2*d^4)))^(1/2))*(-(((8*A^2*a*d^2 - 8*B^2*a*d ^2 + 16*A*B*b*d^2)^2/4 - (16*a^2*d^4 + 16*b^2*d^4)*(A^4 + 2*A^2*B^2 + B^4) )^(1/2) - 4*A^2*a*d^2 + 4*B^2*a*d^2 - 8*A*B*b*d^2)/(16*(a^2*d^4 + b^2*d^4) ))^(1/2) + (32*(3*A^4*b^8 + B^4*b^8)*(a + b*tan(c + d*x))^(1/2))/d^4)*(-(( (8*A^2*a*d^2 - 8*B^2*a*d^2 + 16*A*B*b*d^2)^2/4 - (16*a^2*d^4 + 16*b^2*d^4) *(A^4 + 2*A^2*B^2 + B^4))^(1/2) - 4*A^2*a*d^2 + 4*B^2*a*d^2 - 8*A*B*b*d^2) /(16*(a^2*d^4 + b^2*d^4)))^(1/2)*1i - (((32*(12*A^2*B*b^9*d^2 + 3*A^3*a*b^ 8*d^2 - 9*A*B^2*a*b^8*d^2))/d^5 - (((32*(16*A*b^10*d^4 - 4*B*a*b^9*d^4 + 1 2*A*a^2*b^8*d^4))/d^5 + (32*(16*b^10*d^4 + 24*a^2*b^8*d^4)*(a + b*tan(c...